Population: 193,000 people. Among other valley cities Ferghana is believed to be one of the most Uzbek ancient cities. Its construction was begun simultaneously as Nau Marghilon (New Marghilan) - a colonial appendage of nearby Marghilan. For some time it was named "Sim" (telephone wire) and then - Skobelev. The name Ferghana appeared in 1920. Maple trees casting shadow on the streets, and also buildings of blue sky color makes the city very attractive. The most attractive sight in Ferghana is its market. Together with Uzbek vendors, Korean and Russian vendors sell their domestic spicery.

Do not miss Regional Museum on Usmonkhodjaev Street as well. It is worth seeing! It has a 3D map of the valley, infra-red satellite photos showing where cotton is growing and also some Buddhist places.